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“Hello, world” from scratch on a 6502 — Part 1

Open on YouTube First HN thread

11 HN users recommended this tutorial in 11 different months between 2019 and 2026.

2007–2026
6 strong recommendations 7 recommendations HackerTube score 14

HN repeatedly recommends it as the best hands-on way to understand how a CPU and a computer work from first principles.

Ben Eater starts a series building a working computer on breadboards around the 6502 microprocessor. In this first part he gets a 'hello world' running from scratch.

Pull quote: “It is highly recommended if you want to dive down into computers and digital logic on first principles.” (HN, 2020)

Also tagged: 6502 computer hardware, 6502, breadboard computer, digital electronics, assembly, ben eater

What Hacker News said

13 labeled comments from the HN archive; up to 20 are kept per video, favoring different commenters. Each one links back to the original thread.

Strongly recommends showerst October 2019 under The Story of the Team Behind the 6502
Series building a 6502 computer on a breadboard.
The (awesome) youtube electronics teacher Ben Eater has just started a series of videos building a 6502 based computer on a breadboard, and he sells kits. I just got my kit, so I'm really looking forward to the rest of the videos. He also offers the schematics for those wanting to jump ahead. [this video] [link]
Strongly recommends halotrope April 2020 under Clocking a 6502 simulator to 15GHz
Hands-on learning of computers from first principles.
After stumbling on Ben Eaters “Hello world from scratch” [1] I went out and bought the cpu some parts and breadboards. The chip is only a few dollars. It is highly recommended if you want to dive down into computers and digital logic on first principles. Also great fun to get a break from all the screens and layers upon layers of software that I have to deal with daily. 1. [this video]
Strongly recommends halotrope June 2020 under Ask HN: What are some good resources to learn how electricity works?
Connects electricity to modern computers for software engineers.
Read the full comment
I found the „Hello world from scratch“[1] series from Ben Eater incredibly helpful in connecting the dots between electricity and modern computers. Strictly speaking it is about electronics, still it is superbly presented and incredibly enlightening when coming from „normal“ software engineering perspective of things. What actually got me there was the book „Code“ by Charles Petzold[2] which traces the development from early circuitry like light bulbs and telegraph wires to modern digital logic. I found that after being introduced to these concepts, learning about the fundamental physics was much more accessible since it was framed in the context of contemporary application. 1: [this video] 2: [link]
Strongly recommends throwaway47292 November 2021 under Ask HN: Skill you want to learn in 2022?
Follow along and build the computer yourself.
i would suggest to follow Ben Eater's 8 bit computer [this video] and would strongly recommend to build it (you can see the parts on his website [link] or buy the whole kit)
Strongly recommends Night_Thastus May 2022 under Easy 6502
Explains loops, branches and hardware communication on a 6502.
For anyone interested in the 6502, assembly and just in general how things like loops, conditional branches, hardware communication, etc all work, I HIGHLY recommend Ben Eater's videos on the subject: [this video] They are incredibly fascinating!
Recommends fapjacks September 2019 under SNES Cartridges and Enhancement Chips
Ben Eater's video on building with the 6502.
If anyone is interested in learning a little more about the 6502, Ben Eater recently did a video about it [0]. Also just in general if you hadn't heard of his channel and are reading this comment, you'll definitely enjoy what he does. [0] [this video]
Recommends jedimastert December 2019 under Build an 8-bit computer from scratch
Ben Eater turns a 6502-type processor into a usable computer.
For anyone itching for more Ben Eater, he's currently working on a series where he takes a 6502-type processor and turns it into a usable computer. Here's the first video: [this video]
Recommends halotrope May 2022 under Fritzing is an open-source electronic design tool
Beginner tutorial on basic electronics and computers.
If fritzing gets #1 spot on HN I would like to wholeheartedly recommend [link] as well. IMHO much saner workflow and good UX in the latest version.I did a simple PCB and got it manufactured on [link] for a couple bucks. Quite a rewarding experience. I would also suggest that anyone who cares about computers gets to know basic electronics. How do transistors work, what is a bus (e.g I2C or SPI) and how is it all connected? (Drumroll ... a PCB of course). There is a ton of tutorials on youtube that do it end to end. E.g Phils Lab [link] for a PCB design. Or Ben Eaters excellent beginner tutorial "Hello World from Scratch" [this video]
Recommends santadakota January 2023 under What Happens When a CPU Starts
Fantastic series building a breadboard 6502 computer.
Ben Eater's fantastic video series on building a breadboard 6502 based computer and an 8-bit breadboard computer from scratch might be appreciated in this thread. 6502 playlist: [this video] 8-bit build playlist: [link] He also sells kits if one is interested in playing along.
Recommends TillE September 2024 under What we can learn from vintage computing
Easiest starting point for understanding how such computers work.
Ben Eater's 8-bit projects are the easiest place to start if you don't already deeply understand how such computers work. He starts with the hardware and eventually builds up to writing non-trival assembly for it. [this video]
Recommends Joel_Mckay January 2026 under Ask HN: Books to learn 6502 ASM and the Apple II
Shows what the CPU is actually doing, unlike high-level languages.
I respectfully disagree, BASIC/Java/Arduino hides too much about how the CPU works from users. Getting a 6502 kit from Ben Eater, and walking though how the CPU works will implicitly show how languages abstracted away whats actually happening. And more importantly, the skills necessary to understand how to write efficient programs. [this video] [link] Starting with a simple architecture is highly recommended. =3

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