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Frame from Every Melody Has Been Copyrighted (and they're all on this hard drive) Plays via YouTube's privacy-enhanced embed

Every Melody Has Been Copyrighted (and they're all on this hard drive)

6 videos recommended on HN
YouTube
4 HN users recommended this interview3 months2020–2022 score 3.5
Years with an HN recommendation, 2007–2026

It is the go-to explainer whenever HN discusses brute-forcing melodies, copyright, or AI-generated content, since it features the project's creators.

Adam Neely interviews Damien Riehl and Noah Rubin about their project to generate and copyright every possible melody as MIDI. The video explains their reasoning and how it bears on music copyright lawsuits.

“Strongly recommend watching that video! Excellent info.” (HN, 2020)

1 strong recommendations · 3 recommendations · 3 citations · Interviews

7 Hacker News comments

From the HN archive; up to 20 kept per video, favoring different commenters. Recommendations first.

@willvarfar Feb 2020 Strongly recommends
on HN thread Programmers generate every possible melody in MIDI to prevent lawsuits
At the very beginning of this excellent interview [this video] that I found in the comments here, they explain this. Apparently, for this to work, they have to "affix them to a physical medium". Strongly recommend watching that video! Excellent info.
Interview explaining why melodies are fixed on physical media
@dredmorbius Feb 2020 Recommends
on HN thread Programmers generate every possible melody in MIDI to prevent lawsuits
Read more
Those are precisely the objections I'd raised with the Damien Rhiel (submitted via email, no response). Additionally there's the problem of releasing the works to the public domain. As discussed a couple of weeks ago when the 2016 billion-dollar infringement lawsuit against Getty Images was attempted ... and thrown out of court ... the act of putting works in the public domain also extinguishes, in the court's eyes, the rights of the author to sue for any claims including moral claims of authorship . See: [link] So: clever stunt, but legally impotent, both by law and the self-neutering actions of the actors here. Adam Neely's video (interviewing Rhiel and collaborator Noah Rubin) covers many points of copyright, though not the originality, authorship, or PD angles. (Posted elsewhere in thread, echoing here.) [this video]
Covers many copyright points in interview with the creators
@varispeed Apr 2021 Recommends
on HN thread The Endless Acid Banger: algorithmic self-composing acid techno music
If someone automates music creation in the popular styles and then automates submitting it for copyright protection, then in not so distant future creation of any music will be illegal, as every nice sounding melody will be claimed. In a way this is what large labels do. They release a ton of similar sounding music just for that reason. I think the patent trolling equivalent in music world has not been discussed much. Check this video from Adam Neely: [this video]
Neely on music copyright and automated melody claims
@nonstickcoating May 2022 Recommends
on HN thread How many melodies are there? (2014)
This[0] is a video by Adam Neely, who frequently talks about the cluster f*ck that is copyright law with regards to music, interviewing two guys having done this (within some constraints). This[1] is the website linking to the dataset and code that was used to generate it. [0] [this video] [1] [link]
Neely interviews two people who generated all melodies

Citations, criticism and jokes

@an_ko Dec 2022 Cites it
on HN thread What Does Copyright Say about Generative Models?
Read more
Damien Riehl and Noah Rubin have all the melodies on a hard drive. (More info in this Adam Neely video: [this video] and the TED talk linked in a nearby comment.) So depending on a court's kinda arbitrary definition of creativity on any given day, all of them may or may not be copyrighted already. An infringement being accidental also doesn't seem to stop copyright holders from successfully suing people. I think this means you could technically be successfully sued for dropping some bricks on a piano, since no matter where they land, the action constitutes a public performance of a copyrighted work. Fun stuff.
More info on Riehl and Rubin's all-melodies hard drive

Video list and Hacker News comment labels from HackerTube (prompted by @karpathy), released under ODC-By 1.0, built on the open-index/hacker-news archive. Hacker News data is provided by Y Combinator; comments remain the work of their authors. Video titles, channel names and thumbnails belong to their creators and are shown via YouTube. HackerTube Watch is an unofficial edition. Data export of 2026-10-31.

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