Is a Calorie a Calorie? Processed Food, Experiment Gone Wrong

Calories are a measure of energy, NOT nutritional value. Forget calories, think utility. Some types of calories are good for you, others may as well be poison - therefore, the dose is the poison. By consuming calories in accordance with their utility you will do a better job at staying (or getting) metabolically healthy than only counting calories. TL;DR: Eat more fat and protein from natural, preferably animal, sources, and you will naturally be less inclined to consume junk calories from carbohydrates and you will quickly feel better for it. Watch this video below to understand more, for why this is the case, and why colories in v's calories out is a very poor model. --- "Is a Calorie a Calorie? Processed Food, Experiment Gone Wrong" [this video]

Unfortunately I can only summarize. On the starvation study it's merely one example that highlights how calorie restriction affects people. Yes, it's an extreme version, but it is different only in degree from any other calorie restriction, and when people try to reduce by X calories, it's probably a linear effect; more restriction, more of these effects. Oddly though, fasting tends not to have these effects, it's only in sustained calorie restriction, so fasting in various forms is one of the tools people can use to lose weight. As for the lowered energy output Jason Fung wrote (pg. 53 of the Obesity Code, "One major problem is that the basal metabolic rate does not stay stable. Decreased caloric intake can decrease basal metabolic rate by up to 40 percent. We shall see that increased caloric intake can increase it by 50%." If you want to learn more here are some sources: Jason Fung - The Obesity Code: [link] Robert Lustig on sugar: [link] and also here: [this video] Peter Attia on ketosis and fat: [link] Reversal of diabetes by diet, also Jason Fung: [link]